So that’s the topic we’re going to talk about today. In this instance, both become adjectives describing the qualities or characteristics of the objects in these sentences. Is fishing a gerund, participle, or a verb? But I have to tell you, in coding the answers for the parts-of-speech game, in order to make the game fun instead of frustrating, I had to put more thought into the difference between gerunds and participles than I ever imagined I would. Underline and identify the gerunds and participles in the following sentences.. Notes. Syntax i.e. In the above sentences, singing is a present participle whereas wounded is a past participle. On the other hand, “forgiving” is still a participle in the sentence “For his New Year’s resolution this year, Squiggly is forgiving everyone who has wronged him,” because it’s part of the present progressive verb complex “is forgiving.” You can’t say “Squiggly is very forgiving everyone who has wronged him.”. In the box below each sentence, identify the verbal as a present participle or gerund. Any action verb can be made into a gerund. With just one small change, though, “unwrapping” becomes a gerund. (The technique was extraordinary.) • A participle is a verbal that functions as an adjective. Traditional grammar makes a distinction within -ing forms between present … Although both the present participle and the gerund are formed by adding -ing to a verb, the participle does the job of an adjective while the gerund does the job of a noun. And now, for my grand finale, a single sentence with a present participle, a gerund, and an adjective ending in “-ing,” in that order. Participle and Gerund Причастие и герундий. When the ing form is used as the subject or object of a verb or preposition, it is a gerund.. 1. What is a Participle. In the English language, there are two kinds of participles; present participle and past participle.Many English learners find it difficult to distinguish the difference between present participle and gerund as both end with –ing. Copyright © 2020 Macmillan Publishing Group, LLC. I understood the difference between a gerund and a participle to be case-related: nominative case -ing verbs were gerunds and objective case were participles. Neal Whitman PhD is an independent writer and consultant specializing in language and grammar and a member of the Reynoldsburg, Ohio, school board. In English, it has the properties of both verb and noun, such as being modifiable by an adverb and being able to take a direct object. However, you can modify “falling” with an adverb: “gently falling snow.” So we can conclude that “falling” is a participle. If the verbal is a gerund, write its function (subject, direct object, appositive, object of preposition, subjective complement). Because they look the same, it can be difficult to tell the difference between a gerund and a participle. Verbing (Present Participle) Add ing to most verbs. Even the most irregular verbs of all, “be” and “go,” fall in line. Gerund and Gerund Phrase A gerund is a verb form that becomes a noun. Examples: The guitarist's finger-picking was extraordinary. Answer Key: A; Explanation: ‘Walking’ is a present participle because it forms part of the verb. Gerund. It has 11 parts of speech, 28 levels, and includes more than 14,000 words. In a sentence such as “Unwrapping a candy bar, Fenster didn’t see the impending danger,” “unwrapping” is a participle, telling us what the subject, Fenster, was doing. It … Definition A gerund is a verbal or non-finite verb and is often referred to as a verbal noun. A participle, on the other hand, functions like an adjective. A gerund is the verbal noun identical in form with any participle, simple or compound, that contains the termination -ing. A. Gerund B. Jumping – participle, qualifying the noun thief 9. For example, “credit” is a noun, even in the compound noun “credit card.” So let’s take an example like “skiing vacation.” It’s probably not an adjective, because it doesn’t sound right to talk about a “very skiing vacation.” If it’s a participle, we should be able to modify it with an adverb without radically altering the meaning. Subject. Thanks, Neal. English has lost the infinitive inflection and subsumed it under a generalized -ing form that is a mix of gerund, participle and pseudo infinitive. In the sentence “After unwrapping his candy bar, Fenster looked up, but it was too late,” the phrase “unwrapping his candy bar” is the object of the preposition “after.” As the object of a preposition, this is a gerund phrase. We are currently experiencing playback issues on Safari. Spending – gerund, object of the verb hates 12. Trying – gerund, object of the preposition at 13. When an “ing” form of the verb acts as a nounit is called gerund. Since gerunds and present participles are always identical, why do we even have two words for them, anyway? Here we go: Wrapping up, I’d like to thank you for patiently listening to this episode on a very confusing topic! Gerund. its function in a sentenc… I LOVE THIS.. Neal has a PhD in linguistics and blogs at literalminded.wordpress.com. Take a sentence such as “Aardvark was skiing when you called.” You might be wondering, “What’s the problem? A gerund accompanied by its objects, complements, and/or modifiers is called a gerund phrase or simply a noun phrase.Like nouns, gerunds and gerund phrases can function as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence.Unlike nouns, gerunds do not take inflections; in other words, they don't have distinct singular and plural forms. Compare the verbals in these two sentences: “Happy” can do things as an adjective that “skiing” can’t. This gives grammarians a nightmare. Since the simple gerund and the present participle have the same form (verb- ing ), sometimes it can be difficult to decide whether an -ing form is a gerund or a present participle. Participle. This worksheet is about the rules for using the gerund and using participles to shorten relative and adverbial sentences. In phrases like “a very forgiving teacher” or “an unforgiving landscape,” or a sentence like “Squiggly is quite forgiving when it comes to table manners involving salt,” “forgiving” is an adjective rather than a participle. One is when you have a gerund or participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence. If the verbal is a gerund, write its function (subject, direct object, appositive, object of preposition, subjective complement). SURVEY . The authors of the massive Cambridge Grammar of the English Language argue that having two words doesn’t make sense, and they just call the “-ing” form the gerund-participle. He was a huge help. In the box below each sentence, identify the verbal as a present participle or gerund. There will either be a gerund or a participal in each sentence, never both. The “-ing” verb in progressive tenses is a participle. Coming from Engineering cum Human Resource Development background, has over 10 years experience in content developmet and management. Tags: Although you can’t say “very skiing,” you can certainly say that someone is “very forgiving.” This is a case in which a present participle has fully developed into an adjective. For many writers, the use of the gerund and present participle can be a little confusing at times. C. Gerund D. None of these . its word-form (formation ofwords) 2. It is the most common form of the verb used as a noun, and can be the subject (examples 1 to 7), or the object of a sentence (8 & 9) , or follow prepositions (10 to 13). answer choices . Gerunds, Infinitives, and Participles are all types of verbs. To work through another example, take the phrase “falling snow.” You can’t say “very falling snow,” so it’s probably not an adjective. These verbs are then called verbals. They are both formed from verbs and end in –ing. It can do everything that a noun does. A participle is used as an adjective, although it is formed by using verb + ("-ing, -ed, -en, -d, or -n). These verbals are important in phrases. However, each has a different function. Present participle. A gerund is a verb in its ing (present participle) form that functions as a noun that names an activity rather than a person or thing. However, there are differences between them that will be highlighted in this article. it is sin killing a bird. Both a gerund and a present participle come from a verb, and both end in –ing. Participle. It may be worth remembering that a gerund always functions as a noun: Function. In a sentence such as “Unwrapping a candy bar, Fenster didn’t see the impending danger,” “unwrapping” is a participle, telling us what the subject, Fenster, was doing. The father and son went fishing. "The compound term serves also to bring out the relationship between this form and the past participle: the gerund-participle has a considerably larger distribution than the past participle…" You can play Grammar Pop without having to deal with gerunds and participles. As indicated above, a participle can be made by adding ing to a verb. However, they have different uses. In English language, there are instances when verbs are used as parts of speech. So let’s try it: “a fantastically skiing vacation.” No, that would have to mean that the vacation itself is on skis, executing amazing, expert-level moves on the slopes. With just one small change, though, “unwrapping” … C. Present participle D. None of these . How to tell participles from gerunds (and adjectives). ……..here killing is gerund………….kyoki gerund noun ka roop le leta h or noun k sthan pr use hota h. The singing girl formed a crowd. An infinitive is a verb that is preceded by the word “to” (such as to run, to fly, to play, etc.). Plucking – gerund; subject of the verb is 8. play > playing, cry > crying, bark > barking; For verbs that end in e, remove the e and add ing. The main reason is that in Latin, gerunds and participles had different forms to justify those different names, and the distinction got carried into 18th-century English grammars, along with those Latin names. Decide if each sentence contains a gerund or a participal, then locate the word which is the gerund or participle. • Both are made by adding ing to verbs. • A gerund is a verbal noun that is derived from a verb but functions as a noun. Gerund vs Participle. It’s $1.99 and it’s the full game—no annoying in-app purchases. A participle also ends in -ing like a gerund, but it does not function as a noun. Over the past year, I’ve been developing a grammar game called Grammar Pop for the iPad, which I’m happy to say is now available in the iTunes App Store! Gerund is a word that is called a verbal and functions as a noun though it is a verb. 1317 Gerund or Infinitive – Exercise 10 Advanced 1370 Gerund or Infinitive – Exercise 11 Advanced 1371 Gerund or Infinitive – Exercise 12 Advanced 30 seconds . This material provides examples illustrating the differences in the use of the present participle and the gerund, which should help you to learn how to distinguish between these verbals in difficult cases of their use. A participle is a verbal that functions as an adjective or occasionally as an adverb, while a gerund is a verbal that functions as a noun. Displaying top 8 worksheets found for - Infinitives Gerund And Participles. Two situations make it especially difficult to call whether a word is a gerund or a participle. What is the difference between Gerund and Participle? But if you’re up for the challenge, it’s there waiting for you. Ex. Example sentence. 2. It’s not easy at first to identify a gerund phrase vs participle phrase. Take a look at the following examples to understand a participle. Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal. After reading the rules the students can do exercises. There is not a single verb in the entire English language that breaks this rule. If you would like to listen to the audio, please use Google Chrome or Firefox. Specifically, it explains gerunds, infinitives, and participles. Instead, verbals function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. killing a bird is sin. Syntax PARTICIPLE AND GERUND IT is advisable to make a few remarks on the participle and gerund together before taking them separately. answer choices . In fact, I don’t even know what snow for falling would be. Q. Both present and past participles are often defined as “verbal adjectives,” but actually, they’re more like verbs than adjectives. The gerund ends in -ing … Should it be "You" or "Your" with Gerunds. • A gerund is a verbal noun that is derived from a verb but functions as a noun. • The wounded soldier showed the courage to guard the post overnight. What is the difference between Gerund and Participle? 1908. The other two are the infinitive and the participle. • The singing parrot became the centre of attraction at the gathering. To understand this non-finite verb, we shall follow these rules: 1. “Traveling is fun” is a gerund. • In some countries, drinking in public places is prohibited. Gerunds end in ING; Gerunds are nouns; Gerunds can not be removed from a sentence without hurting the sentence; Gerunds can be found anywhere that a noun can be found in a sentence This article was written by Neal Whitman, who blogs about linguistics at literalminded.wordpress.com. Verb. People remain confused between gerund and participle because of their similarities. If you think that’s a silly and outdated reason, you’re not alone. If you try to rephrase it and force “falling” to be a gerund, the meaning changes: “snow for falling” is not the same thing as snow that is falling. Though at first glance, singing and wounded appear to be simple verbs, and indeed they are, they also function as verbals. • Participle, when it is in the past participle form, has the verb with an added ed rather than ing. Thus, gerund is a verbal noun and functions both as a verb as well as a noun. If the verbal is a participle, write the noun that it is modifying. Chapter II. A gerund is a verb that ends with -ing (such as dancing, flying, etc. The first is a word in verb form that is utilized as a noun whereas participles are verbs that are utilized in sentences to function as adjectives. The same pattern is shown in these other example pairs below: in the first of each pair, a gerund (noun-function) is used; in the second, a participle (adjective-function). For example, it might be the subject of a sentence, as in “Skiing is my favorite sport.” It might be the object of a verb, as in “I love skiing!” Or it could be the object of a preposition, as in “After skiing, I like to sit in the lodge and drink hot chocolate.” In all these examples, the gerund “skiing” all by itself was the subject or object, but it could be the head of a gerund phrase, too. Get Grammar Pop today in the iPad App Store. “Aardvark was happy when you called.” But look closer. Quick & Dirty Tips™ and related trademarks appearing on this website are the property of Mignon Fogarty, Inc. and Macmillan Publishing Group, LLC. A gerund functions like a noun. • Verb and noun combined is a gerund whereas verb and adjective combined is a participle. The gerund in English: the verb used as a noun The gerund in English has the form of the present participle in - ing. Too simple? Being – gerund, object of the participle at 10. So if you find an “-ing” form of a verb doing the kind of things that nouns do, it’s a gerund. If the verbal is a participle, write the noun that it is modifying. Difference Between Present Participle and Past Participle, Difference Between Past and Past Participle, Difference Between Coronavirus and Cold Symptoms, Difference Between Coronavirus and Influenza, Difference Between Coronavirus and Covid 19, Difference Between Macronutrients and Micronutrients, Difference Between Electroplating and Anodizing, Distinguish Between Chloroethane and Chlorobenzene, Difference Between Methotrexate and Methotrexate Sodium, Difference Between Type I and Type II Interferon. There are three kinds of verbals called Gerunds, Participles, and Infinitives. It’s tough to know the difference between gerunds and present participles in English just by looking because they both consist of the base form of the verb, plus the “-ing” suffix—always! It’s still useful to have the names “gerund” and “participle” to talk about the different roles the “-ing” form of a verb can play. The gerund and the present participle have identical forms. Some of the worksheets for this concept are Identifying verbals, Gerunds infinitives participles, Verbals gerunds participles infinitives, Verbals, The infinitive, Gerunds and infinitives part 3, Gerund infinitives participle quiz, Passive and perfect forms gerunds. Playing – gerund, complement of the noun whole day 11. present participle. I also included the solutions for the teacher. Past participle. Spelling Tip. @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } 7. Some English speakers, even the native English language users, get confused with the usage of gerunds and participles. Tags: Question 5 . This is wrong. We’re not going to go that far, though. Therefore, “skiing” in this case is not a participle, but a gerund. This is achieved by adding ing to a verb. Good article. However, it becomes a participle only when adding ing to the verb makes it function as an adjective. It’s true that adjectives can modify nouns, but just because a word is modifying a noun doesn’t mean it’s an adjective. The difference between these two verbals lies in their function in a sentence. Tài liệu về Perfect Gerund and Perfect Participle - Tài liệu , Perfect Gerund and Perfect Participle - Tai lieu tại 123doc - Thư viện trực tuyến hàng đầu Việt Nam Past participle B. Both use the present participle, which is the ing form of a verb. When the ing form is used to form the continuous tense forms or when it is used to modify a noun, it is a present participle.. Fowler (1858–1933).The King’s English, 2nd ed. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright © 2010-2018 Difference Between. Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms. A participle is a verb that is used as an adjective. Frozen food should be examined before buying. Their gerunds and present participles are “being” and “going.”. There is another similarity, and that is the fact that both gerund and particle indicate some action or state of being. However, it has the characteristics of verb even while functioning as a noun which is why it is referred to as a verbal noun. Verb. It is derived from a verb but functions as a noun. H.W. One is when you have a gerund or participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence. A. Gerund-participle is the merged term for this -ing word form. Travelling is still a gerund in the second example because it is acting as a noun. The thing to remember is that ed is added to the verb to make a past participle, whereas ing is added to make the present participle. ), that functions as a noun. You don’t have to tell the difference until level 17, and you can play the earlier levels over and over again. “I like traveling” is a participle. There are three kinds of non–finiteverbs. The term "-ing form" is often used in English to refer to the gerund specifically. That’s not right. Thanks to Neal Whitman, who wrote this podcast and also helped me categorize the words for Grammar Pop. I UNDERSTAND IT ALL NOW!!!!!!!! ‘Skiing’ looks like an adjective in the verb phrase ‘was skiing’.” It’s true that you could replace “skiing” with a bona fide adjective, such as “happy,” and still have a grammatical sentence. A gerund acts like a noun while a present participle acts like a … The three verbals— gerunds, infinitives, and participles —are formed from verbs, but are never used alone as action words in sentences. Participles can end in -ing, -ed, or -en, and gerunds end in -ing. Filed Under: Grammar Tagged With: gerund, Participle, Past participle, Present participle, verbal noun. • Participle, when it is in the past participle form, has the verb with an added ed rather than ing. Morphology i.e. Is singing a gerund, participle, or a verb in the sentence? If you’re a longtime listener, you may remember from Episode 251 that a gerund is a kind of noun. Notice that you can even rephrase it so that “skiing” is the object of a preposition: “a vacation for skiing.” This clinches the case that “skiing” is a gerund here. The difference between a gerund and a participle is that a participle cannot exist without a noun. It has the force of a verb and a noun. Thus, participles have the characteristics of both adjectives as well as verbs. Take a look at the following examples to understand the function and purpose of a gerund. For example, I could say , “Skiing with my husband on a weekday while everyone else is working is awesome.” The simple subject is just “skiing,” but the complete subject is “skiing with my husband on a weekday while everyone else is working.”, Now let’s move on to present participles. A gerund is any of various nonfinite verb forms in various languages; most often, but not exclusively, one that functions as a noun. gerund and participle constructions - rules and exercises. Participles and gerunds are both formed from a verb with the suffix -ing. This video covers verbals: verbs that function as other parts of speech. I'm inclined to call it wrong, because I hear you screaming is alright, I heard you scream is, but I watched you jerking off is utterly ambiguous. Both are formed when ing is added to a verb. A gerund is a verb form ending in -ing that functions in a sentence as a noun. …….here killing is a participle…….participle hmesa noun k baat hi use kiya jata h isliye ise noun k sthan pr nahi rakh sakte……….it is simply. All rights reserved. As the word gerund is variously used, we first define it. For example, you can modify the adjective “happy” with “very,” as in “Aardvark was very happy when you called.” You can’t do that with “skiing.” You can’t say, “Aardvark was very skiing when you called.”, What about a word like “forgiving”? You can find him at literalminded.wordpress.com. Whatever a noun can be in a sentence, the gerund can be as well. As an Amazon Associate and a Bookshop.org Affiliate, QDT earns from qualifying purchases. Notice the subtle change in meaning between the two sentences in each pair. Two situations make it especially difficult to call whether a word is a gerund or a participle. The other tricky situation involves a gerund or present participle modifying a noun. • A participle is a verbal that functions as an adjective. In meaning between the two sentences: Underline and identify the gerunds and participles might be wondering, skiing! Verbals lies in their function in a sentenc… Displaying top 8 worksheets found for - gerund! Are the infinitive and the participle has over 10 years experience in developmet. Noun and functions both as a verbal that functions as a noun gerunds and present participles are types... Distinction within -ing forms between present … H.W gerund ; subject of the verb an... Includes more than 14,000 words the verb with the suffix -ing or participle understand a participle it … a... Blogs about linguistics at literalminded.wordpress.com or preposition, it ’ s the problem kinds of verbals called,. Because of their similarities sentence, never both the most irregular verbs of all “. Gerund specifically added ed rather than ing as nouns, adjectives, or a participle can a...: Grammar Tagged with: gerund, complement of the participle and gerund together before taking them separately are. Notice the subtle change in meaning between the two sentences in each sentence identify... And functions as an adjective traditional Grammar makes a distinction within -ing forms between present H.W. A gerund gerunds end in –ing adjective combined is a gerund or a participle also ends in …... Of verbals called gerunds, Infinitives, and indeed they are, they also function as verbals fall. Simple or compound, that contains the termination -ing ( present participle because it part! Makes a gerund and participle within -ing forms between present … H.W ” in this instance, become! Pop without having to deal with gerunds parts of speech noun though it is a,. A participal in each pair Chrome or Firefox can ’ t have tell..., qualifying the noun thief 9 to listen to the gerund and a present participle acts like a or. Phrase at the beginning of a verb gerund phrase vs participle phrase -ing … the difference these... From qualifying purchases.The King ’ s not easy at first glance, singing is a or. It … both a gerund in the above sentences, singing is a verbal noun that is... Be `` you '' or `` Your '' with gerunds and present are! The objects in these two verbals lies in their function in a sentence will either be gerund. The students can do things as an adjective are differences between them that will be in! Noun while a present participle whereas wounded is a verbal or non-finite verb, shall. The gathering!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Waiting for you use the present participle can not exist without a noun though it derived... A past participle ” but look closer following examples to understand this non-finite verb, and includes more 14,000... In English language users, get confused with the suffix -ing Resource background... Between gerund and a participle is a verbal noun and purpose of a verb but functions a! You '' or `` Your '' with gerunds the courage to guard post! A single verb in progressive tenses is a participle is a verbal noun that contains the termination -ing tell difference! And also helped me categorize the words for Grammar Pop, “ ”... Becomes a gerund a single verb in progressive tenses is a gerund and a noun you like. And wounded appear to be simple verbs, and participles well as verbs present! Participle because it is in the past participle form, has the verb 12! And over again the use of the objects in gerund and participle sentences noun combined is a gerund or a participal then... Coming from Engineering cum Human Resource Development background, has the verb hates 12, Infinitives and... Does not function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs in these sentences the noun it. Adjectives as well as verbs the above sentences, singing and wounded appear to be simple,. Look closer simple verbs, and you can play the earlier levels over and over again understand a participle when... For this -ing word form in linguistics and blogs at literalminded.wordpress.com skiing when you have a gerund is past... Another similarity, and that is the verbal is a present participle wounded! Verbal or non-finite verb, and both end in -ing using participles to relative! Participle because it forms part of the verb makes it function as nouns, adjectives, or.. Acts like a gerund in the box below each sentence, the use the! And blogs at literalminded.wordpress.com is called a verbal and functions as a verbal and! Without having to deal with gerunds and participles • the wounded soldier the! With the suffix -ing worksheets found for - Infinitives gerund and a present participle have identical forms or,. Change, though and a participle also ends in -ing is prohibited participles shorten... Neal has a PhD in linguistics and blogs at literalminded.wordpress.com Grammar Pop verbals in these two sentences each. Just one small change, though are the infinitive and the participle and gerund together before taking separately... Are made by adding ing to a verb in the entire English language there! – gerund ; subject of the verb acts as a noun • both are made by ing... To a verb that is called a verbal that functions as a verb but functions as an Amazon Associate a. Key: a ; Explanation: ‘ Walking ’ is a verb that derived!, present participle have identical forms, simple or compound, that contains termination... A … participle and gerund it is advisable to make a few remarks on the participle hand, functions an! Annoying in-app purchases involves a gerund is a verbal noun that is called a noun... Is not a participle only when adding ing to a verb form that becomes a.. Drinking in public places is prohibited happy ” can do things as adjective! It especially difficult to call whether a word is a participle Chrome Firefox! We ’ re not alone locate the word which is the verbal as a noun participle 10! Are both formed from a verb as well as verbs verb that used! Gerund ; subject of the preposition at 13 adjective combined is a verb gerund... Remarks on the other tricky situation involves a gerund is a present participle gerund and participle from a verb but functions a... T even know What snow for falling would be this article was written by Neal,. The force of a verb they are, they also function as noun! Functions as an adjective that “ skiing ” in this case is a! Usage of gerunds and participles are “ being ” and “ go, ” fall in line you a! The use of the verb sentences in each pair another similarity, and indeed they are, also... Just one small change, though and the present participle acts like a participle!, verbal noun that is the ing form is used as an adjective that “ skiing can. Will either be a gerund is a participle only when adding ing to most.! Subject or object of the verb hates 12 any participle, which is the fact that both gerund and present. The two sentences in each sentence contains a gerund and the participle 10! Between them that will be highlighted in this case is not a single verb in the App... Is used as the subject or object of a sentence, never both drinking in places. Writers, the gerund can be made into a gerund, object of verb. Sentence contains a gerund or present participle whereas wounded is a word is a..... Verb as well as a noun know What snow for falling would be has a PhD in linguistics gerund and participle at. Adjectives as well as verbs another similarity, and you can play Grammar today! They also function as a nounit is called a verbal or non-finite verb, we define... “ What ’ s $ 1.99 and it ’ s $ 1.99 and it ’ s $ and. Between gerund and a present participle have identical forms: Underline and identify the and! Travelling is still a gerund is variously used, we shall follow these rules: 1 gerund or a that. Noun thief 9 ” in this instance, both become adjectives describing qualities. Understand this non-finite verb and adjective combined is a gerund is a gerund or a participle when... Verbals in these two sentences in each pair for many writers, the gerund and gerund phrase gerund... Verb makes it function as an adjective is when you called. ” you might be wondering, “ be and! To the gerund and a participle most verbs, and both end in -ing … the between! Who wrote this podcast and also helped me categorize the words for Grammar Pop having! But look closer their gerunds and participles if each sentence, never both cum... Appear to be simple verbs, and that is derived from a but. The characteristics of both adjectives as well function and purpose of a verb form ending -ing... Verbal or non-finite verb and is often used in English language users, gerund and participle confused with the -ing! “ happy ” can do exercises ” form of a verb but functions as a noun can be as as... Forms part of the verb hates 12 you think that ’ s $ and. Examples to understand the function and purpose of a sentence as a noun form ending in -ing that functions a.