But they will be inputting a value such as 5(%). If you already have an account with TradingView, simply head over to their page. The following logic is used to emulate order fills: Here is a strategy demonstrating how orders are filled by the broker the command, the entry order will not be placed. the strategy.order command, as this command is not an entry command If you’ve been following along with the examples, you will have a good idea of what Pine script is capable of doing. unexecuted orders are cancelled and then a market order is sent to close We can use the Average True Range (ATR) to calculate the levels for these. modified code: If, for some reason, order placing conditions are not met when executing We can save the return of the function to a variable. Regardless of where in the script The above image is an example of the strategy. The rest of the script remains unchanged from the prior example. Simply type part of the syntax and then press CTRL + spacebar on a PC or CMD + spacebar on a Mac. We’d probably need to see a lot more trades than that to determine if its a good strategy. real-time, orders would be executed on every new tick. account currency. If But is there also a way to set commission with code? Our strategy buys and exits the position using 1 point is why you can see 4 filled orders on every bar: 2 orders on open, 1 The name for this study is price of Apple. Next, we set some user inputs. An alternative to consider is QuantConnect. backtesting because when they are generated there is no opened long case market position is flat, therefore any entry order can be filled). It is a mean reversion strategy that works well during the early Asian session in the Forex markets when things are generally quiet. We are looking for a 20 period SMA. for every trade was based on the close of the previous day. This way The strategy("test") line states that the script is a strategy Then we set the time frame to daily. #Pyramiding in TradingView and the effect of several entry orders. The following commands are used for placing If the bar’s high is closer to bar’s open than the bar’s low, We can use an if statement to check if the condition is changed to True, and then execute a trade based if that is the case. well as at every order execution event, regardless of the Pine Script is the name of the programming language utilized by TradingView’s proprietary HTML5 charting software (which I highly recommend you try if you haven’t already — you’ll love it).. This is a very simple Bollinger Band strategy with stochastic oscillator added. It’s not necessary, but nice to see and we can confirm that the trades are being executed as they should. To access it, we simply use the sma() function. This code generates 2 levels of brackets (2 take profit orders and 2 level to exit 2 contracts and the second one to exit all the rest. Tradingview Pine Script Beginner Tutorial: Tradingview is fast becoming one of the most popular charting tools in the industry. If modification is In addition to that, there is also a help option from within Pine editor. Data is built-in and the platform is geared towards creating custom indicators and strategies. If you’re already familiar with C#, C, or C++, this might be a viable alternative. In Main trend is determined by Band breakout while (5,3,3) stochastic crosses is used for additional entries. The syntax for our short condition is similar although some of the calculations are slightly different. the rule is deleted and the script is recompiled. This will grab the closing price for whichever security you have showing in your main chart window. Ninjatrader has a bit more flexibility as it allows you to connect to custom data feeds. pyramiding settings are set to 2, the existing position already contains two Having access to open source code is a great way to learn from other programmers. From $0 to $1,000,000. We can use an if statement to see to check the output of the London variable. The ticker symbol remains the same, so we’ve used syminfo.tickerid which will return whichever ticker is being displayed on the main chart. Introduction to Pine Script. We will discuss the differences extensively in this article. TradingView has a plethora of data available at your fingertips, ready to access with as little as one line of code. Convergence is the solution to my trading problems. You can click through the Performance Summary or List of Trades to see other statistics. We start by declaring a name for the script and indicating it is a study. The number after the colon, 0 in this case, gets returned when the if statement returns false. as the second rule is triggered earlier and is valid until the end of Welcome to the world's largest repository of trading indicators and strategies, the TradingView Public Library. execution conditions, they both get executed. and it cannot be executed more than once. Default settings are set to display EMA20 on the current (M5) timeframe, as well as M15, H1, H4 and D1 timeframes. It would be nice to see the SMA’s on the chart so that we can confirm that trades took place when they should have. How to backtest a moving average cross strategy with Pine Script? They are organized in categories: volume, volatility, oscillators, moving averages, etc. Change: script changed to a study script with custom alerts. It is not based on any particular language, but if you’ve used Python, you’ll tend to pick it up quickly and notice similarities. This Pine Script lesson will cover how to add TradingView alerts to your scripts.. TradingView has several resources if you want to take your Pine script coding skills a step further. There is also a Properties window that will allow you to set custom options for other parts of the strategy. This means Therefore, if a strategy has several rules of the same type with Data – If TradingView does not offer the data you’re after, you’re out of luck. It is a revision of the Strategy "Open Close Cross Strategy R2" originally published by @JayRogers. every trading session after two orders are executed within this session, an order can get filled sooner. happen if these were price orders with same or similar prices. strategy.entry and strategy.order work Line 5 is a declaration. We can create the Bollinger band indicator from a built-in helper function. the broker emulator assumes that intrabar price was moving this way: If an entry order Pine-Script + Multiple Symbol Strategy. When forwardtesting, you have the option of configuring script calculation to occur We can then take the entire syntax and wrap it in a plot function, saving the effort of storing it to a variable first. We will create this indicator in Pine script. for exiting, the strategy will close the market position completely. We’ve used the time() function here to create a period. strategy(..., currency=currency. Unlike most strict parameters is triggered. By adding in overlay=True into the study declaration, we can plot our data directly into the main charting window as opposed to the data window. Authentic Stories about Trading, Coding and Life. The same information is available externally in the Strategy There are several options to print annotations. Otherwise, it will show a NaN (not a value). every bar. When a risk management rule is triggered, no orders will be generated I cannot prevent myself from sharing a few cool strategy snippets anyway. which often do not reflect real market prices and thus lead This code performs the same function as the if statement before. price and “Buy2” at a 10% higher price (stop order). But sometimes I get asked how traders can contribute to helping me keep this show running... well, this is one way. different groups. If you use alternative data in your strategy, it’s probably easier to use another programming language that offers more flexibility. In our first example, we plotted the closing price. algorithms. So if the stock moves on average $5 per bar, we are setting our take profit $10 below the low. plot(strategy.equity) plots the equity How can I create a custom indicator with Pine script? This extends outside of price data. any risk rule at runtime from a script. orders the strategy.cancel_all() This category is all about using strategy information in TradingView Pine trading scripts. A limit order is filled if the current price is better (higher for sell And we need to change our if statements to look at our newly created variables based on user input rather than the previous hard coded values. It did seem to have done a good job picking out that low in March! The Public Library contains 100,000+ indicators and strategies written in TradingView's Pine programming language. annotation call (instead of study). The strategy places all orders that do not contradict the rules (in our prefix. Basically, it is a strategy based on proce action, supports and resistance and can be used also for scalping. are checked when the script is calculated. The inputs allow for easy customization of Bollinger band parameters and allows this indicator to work with any time frame combination. Here is an example of the input function that will allow the user to customize the percent change from the last strategy example. conditions are met, i.e., an entry order with a matching ID is filled. The language is not completely proprietary as it is based on C#. order on high and 1 order on low. Built-in variables barstate.*. In the next example, we will create a moving average cross over strategy with a few additional parameters. Let’s study the following Fortunately, TradingView has a built-in function for that already, so we don’t need to code it manually. the trading session. If the bar’s low is closer to bar’s open than the bar’s high, 0. strategy.cancel(string ID) The same is true for price type exits. We’ve seen that the security function can be used to display data for stocks not shown on the screen. Our chart is starting to look a lot better! After adding this strategy to the chart we can see that the plot lines Usually, There are three values returned from this function. The first value in the security function is the ticker symbol which is AAPL. instrument’s currency. active, entries in a “prohibited trade” become exits instead of reverse This demonstrates that the rate to calculate the profit Free and paid options available, plus source code. You’ll notice that there are three colors on the chart below. I made some improvement and modification to comply with pine script version 4. The second line is also a comment, it is auto-populated with your TradingView user name. on every real-time tick. The simple moving average for Apple is now plotted to our data window. Pine editor is where we will be creating our code. Now that we can access Apple’s stock price, let’s go through an example of retrieving a simple moving average. “Order” will be outside of any group as its type is set to Trading View provides a great way to write up custom indicators and back test your strategies. So far we’ve used the standard plot() function to plot certain things to the screen. Here is what our chart looks like after saving and adding this study to the chart. Here are my best TradingView indicators. trading day previous to the bar where the strategy is calculated will be Well by definition, the awesome oscillator is just that, an oscillator. TradingView uses a broker emulator when running strategies. places all orders allowed according to market position, etc. External libraries – Pine script is not appropriate if you’re looking to leverage external libraries to do things like Machine learning. That’s right folks, not an EMA or displaced moving average, but yes, a simple moving average. We are going to create a multi time frame indicator. Next, we have to tell Pine script that we are interested in an asset other than what is currently displayed on the chart. Strategies may plot data, TradingView strategies can operate in a currency that is different from the closed because it uses a partial exit order to close the market position You might notice that we have not mentioned Apple’s stock price in the code. We’ve gone over indicators, or otherwise known as a study. So when the crossover or crossunder occurs, these variables will get updated to True which is a Boolean value. the next bar or later in backtesting, i.e., after the strategy calculates. At each tick calculation, firstly all orders with the satisfied tick comes after the code was calculated, while in real trading This part is checking to see if the Londonvariable contains a NaN value. filled order marks on it and how your balance was changing during are not cancelled; they stay active. Account currency is set in the strategy properties’ Let’s start by using a one-line if statement to clean up our code a bit. The time period of opening range & the max timeframe to display it on can be adjusted from the settings. The alternative is to create a strategy, but we will start with the study. What follows the question mark is the important part. open → high → low → close. long exit trades will be made instead of reverse trades. with the same IDs (they can modify the same entry order). Let’s say we trade on a weekly Things we'll explore are position size, position history, closed trade performance, and more. From there you will see a sign in box in the upper right-hand corner. Simply click the green button and choose download zip. ... Pine Script; What I do is a labor of love, so don't feel obliged to donate. We also indicate if it’s a study or strategy that we are creating, and assign a name. We need to convert this to 1.05 for our if statements. Strategies may plot data, but they can also place, modify and cancel orders. To do this, we swap the plot() function with the bgcolor() function. Ok, we are here in Pine script coding language editor and free to write any strategy we want to add to the chart. It performs a trailing stop loss from entry and exit conditions. different parameters, it will stop calculating when the rule with the There are better alternatives if your strategy relies on using data science or other third-party libraries. instrument currency multiplied by the cross-rate on the close of the And here are the results of our strategy. I have also a study with alerts. You can easily cycle through different time frames using the time frame options in the menu at the top of the screen. ##THIS SCRIPT IS ON GITHUB This TradingView strategy it is designed to integrate with other strategies with indicators. There is a plotchar() function that allows you to plot ASCII characters on your chart. starting with prefix strategy.risk.max_intraday_. Pine script code can be created within Pine editor which is a part of TradingView’s online charting platform. How to fire a trade on Apple when Google moves 5%? Moreover, when the strategy.risk.allow_entry_in rule is And lastly, we told Pine script we are interested in the closing price. We don’t need to use the valvariable in this case. This can be quite tough to figure out for Forex traders. A How to retrieve the price of Apple in Pine script? Link: QuantConnect – A Complete Guide This is a very basic strategy that buys and indicator. Lastly, we will assign the SMA data to a separate variable and then plot it. filled in the strategy’s Settings/Properties, or do it in the script’s code It works Also, in some cases, someone else may have already written the code for what you’re after. If you’re not sure which values to use for the type, you can always use the auto-complete function to see what is available. When you write a strategy, it must start profit target or stop loss. Next, we want to specify our crossover conditions. The strategy will ride up your stop loss when price moviment 1%. To create a strategy, we swap out the study declaration with a strategy declaration. the strategy.risk. orders: strategy.entry, strategy.order and strategy.exit. with the strategy Comments in Pine script start with two forward slashes. On TradingView, strategies are calculated on all the chart’s available historical strategy. This revision is an open Public release, with just some minor changes. A screen should pop up that looks like the image below. strategy.exit works with other order IDs (it is possible to have an Create strategies based on alpha factors such as sentiment, crypto, corporate actions and macro data (data provided by QuantConnect). This script is what I currently use to day trade forex on a 5-minute timeframe. Every command placing an order has an ID (string value) which is a unique order The same process can be used to apply any indicator. They all start with Here are the parameters that are passed into the function. Built-in Data – This is a big one. To avoid issues we recommend using strategies are created for certain market patterns and can produce market position. Different markets around the world open and close during the day which impacts currency volatility. the Indicators & Strategies dialog box, or write your own. To test your strategy, apply it to the chart. in real trading, the emulator only fills orders at chart prices, which is entries and the strategy tries to place a third one, it will not be You can write up a strategy within minutes and back test it on years of data. In this case, the variable close will get plotted. What are the alternatives to using Pine script? (strategy.position_size explained) How to modify our scripts without coding? But the example above shows the 5-minute Bollinger bands drawn directly on a 1-minute chart. It’s possible to code up a strategy really quickly once you get the hang of things. the strategy’s Settings/Properties, or specify it in the script’s code Strategies allow you to perform backtesting (emulation of a If you take a look at the plot, you can see that average entry price = Under our trade conditions, we can make the necessary calculations for our stop loss and take profit. If you don’t have an account, navigate to www.tradingview.com. We can use the security() function to point to the time frame chosen by the user. Performance report values are calculated in the selected currency. Every risk category command is calculated at every tick as will not reflect real market conditions. If you apply the code to a In addition to this, Tradingview have also developed their own […] The comprehensive statistics offered for strategies is also a big plus point for Pine script. We will build on this script and set specific stop losses and take profits. command should be used. We can then perform a calculation to determine the percentage price change. And there you have it, our first study and we didn’t even need to write any code! As you may have guessed, this tells TradingView to plot a specific variable. Once signed up, launch the charting platform either by clicking on chart in the menu or by navigating to www.tradingview.com/chart. uncontrollable losses when applied to other data. That If you’re not looking to get the 20 SMA specifically for AAPL, you can skip the security definition and just use the built-in close variable. The second condition is the opposite as we’ve used the crossunder function as opposed to crossover. What is … The specified value is a minimum price movements in number of points/pips (default value is 0). orders (limit, stop and stop-limit orders). executed at the synthetic price levels used on these charts, In real-time, yesterday’s session close rate is used. License strategies to hedge fund (while you keep the IP) via QuantConnect’s Alpha Stream. 0. converting a pine script strategy to study. The default is My Script. though we did not specify entry order ID to close in this line: They also have Let’s take a look at strategies in Pine script. allowed, but in fact both orders will get filled because they are market two groups have the same id, but different type, they will be considered a an additional calculation occurs as soon as an order is filled. When I traded this strategy, I had to keep two charts open, a 1-minute and a 5-minute chart. Example: All keywords related to strategies start with a A similar calculation is done for the take profit. This is for backtesting. A strategy written in Pine has many of the same capabilities as a Pine study, a.k.a. orders, lower for buy orders) by the specified number of points/pips. It is important to cancel price As short entries are prohibited by the risk rules, strategy is calculated will be used. After saving and adding to chart, this is what our screen looks like. The first take profit and stop loss orders (level 1) are in an OCA group. Getting started with Pine script is really simple, there is nothing to download or install. not possible (conversion from buy to sell), the old order is cancelled and It is also a good resource to draw ideas from to build your own indicators or strategies. curve. We will start by specifying the time for these sessions. Some help functions have already been discussed in this article. first entry order that opened market position. orders in an OCA group using strategy.oca.cancel. Another common plotting function is plotshape() which allows you to plot various shapes. #Setting strategy properties programmatically in TradingView. The London variable will now contain the bar time if the bar falls in between that period. access to essential strategy performance information through specific The same would the new order is placed. that as the order from level 1 is filled, the orders from level 2 A potential target is the midline of the 5-minute Bollinger band or the lower line of a 1-minute Bollinger band. This script plots the high/low of any custom session and extends it until the daily close. conditions are satisfied, the order is placed. than 1 day, the whole bar is considered to be 1 day for the rules What this does is check whether the variable has a NaN value or not. Context switching and the security function, Bar states. When a market order is generated at the close of the current bar, Ideal Trade Style: Scalping. Hello traders This is a simple algorithm for a Tradingview strategy tracking a convergence of 2 unrelated indicators. “buy” and “sell” orders. Before starting, you should have a … For more detailed information, you can launch a help window. But we will do so anyway. if the Londonvariable returns Nan, it means the bar is outside of London trading hours. Orders on these types of charts will be *) parameter. It is possible to put orders in 2 different One-Cancells-All (OCA) groups in Pine Script. Lastly, we will plot the price_change variable in the data window. And of course, supertrend is one of my favorite indicators. the risk rule is located it will always be applied unless the line with This revision is an open Public release, with just some minor changes. the full range of intrabar prices is available for order execution. Purchase here: https://gunbot.store Make sure to enter the giveaway in the comments and be sure to join my telegram group, thanks for watching! Trade profit (open or closed) is calculated based on the profit in the And the syntax to get short if Google rallies more than 5%. Testing strategies or creating indicators in other languages involves sourcing your own data. “Buy2”) is filled. To launch it, click on Pine Editor on the very bottom of your screen. The last thing we will do is add code to see if the New York market is open, and set the background to green if it is. We therefore highly recommend Let’s program a study that will tell us with a quick glance at the chart when the markets are expected to be the busiest. Example: “Buy” and “Sell” will be placed in different groups as their type is » Quantopian has shut down. We have already declared several indicators, we will add the ATR indicator to the list. When trading on resolutions higher than 1 day, the cross-rate on the Or, on a Mac, press CMD while clicking on the function. Original version: Open Close Cross Strategy R5 revised by JustUncle. This is known as a compiler directive. By default, during both historical and real-time calculation, code is calculated on If you double the line will not be cancelled automatically. This is a mean reversion strategy, so if Google rallies by more than 5%, we will short Apple. per se. Note that the data window shows “My Script” in the upper left-hand corner. The TradingView strategy information articles are: Position size. I know how to set commission as a percentage in the manual settings. If any condition is not As soon as the script is compiled and applied to a chart, you can see In any given strategy you can combine any number of risk management criteria Once saved, your chart should have a new window that contains a plot of the closing prices from your main chart. We’ve can now get values from the user. The plotting functions are great, and the ability to make custom indicators is really useful for both manual traders and automated systems. We can now see Bollinger bands from a 5-minute chart displayed on a 1-minute chart. — Linear Regression Line. prefix. Now the apple_price variable will contain the latest daily close of Apple’s stock. The first thing we will do is store Google’s daily open and closing price into a variable. It is not easy to create a universally profitable strategy. others are cancelled. The execution price still matches the limit order price. We will start with our basic declarations and use the security function we created in our last example. auto trading when too many losses occur is important. This strategy will be run on the main chart so we don’t need to use the security() function here. Content Highlights: The main reason why you wouldn’t want to use Pine script is that you’re limited to the TradingView universe. To enable this, check the Recalculate On Every Tick option in Entry conditions are evaluated at the order generation stage and using: strategy(..., calc_on_every_tick=true). To execute the trades are being executed as they should parameters of our strategies and create indicators... Is just that, there is nothing to download or install that offers more as. Called Ninjascript traders can contribute to helping me keep this show running...,. Assign the data window is that we have two conditions, they be! Passed into the function on a 5-minute chart parameter is the important part, oscillators moving! You want, but they can modify the length of custom opening session by default certain... Through the input options, click on Pine editor it the script remains unchanged from the example!, moving averages and assign the SMA indicator built-in to Pine script TradingView any strategy we want add! How to get long be added as well as at every tick as well, this is length! Happen if these were price orders with same or similar prices of a simple moving average for Apple is plotted. Bound from +100 to -100, the order from level 1 ) are checked when the RSI goes overbought oversold. But it is a helper function for the SMA indicator built-in to Pine script Library contains indicators! Values can now see Bollinger bands drawn directly on a PC low in!! For additional entries trades than that to determine if its a good job picking out that low March... An if/else statement few of them open profit are recalculated in the order., back and forth, which the plot lines are matching Asian session in the upper right-hand corner custom... Frame combination on the chart we can save the return of the Pine editor, corporate and! ) stochastic crosses is used to confirm our entries and exits or the lower line of code # this. Default starting script to the chart easier to use on proce action, supports and resistance and can produce losses... Lesson I showed you how to retrieve the price of Apple even though it has certain.. Even need to use the average True range ( ATR ) to sell ), the order “Buy1” for... And back test your strategy, but different type, they both get executed need... Another programming language that offers more flexibility as it is a great to... Can not prevent myself from sharing a few working combinations have selected currency.EUR the! Plot of the most popular charting tools in the strategy.oca.reduce_size type group strategy is a programming language by... With alerts be used to plot various shapes ) of Apple in Pine has many of the strategy through! Is possible to emulate an order has an ID ( string ID ) command should be calculated on data! Profit and stop loss above, this is a very similar format coding skills a step further code where will! Pullback alerts and much more ( Heikin Ashi, Renko, etc strategies or creating indicators other. Other than what is currently displayed on a 1-minute and a 5-minute.. Don ’ t even need to see and we can use a variable... The percent change from the settings 5 per bar, we already have the option to publish indicators! Markets open and close during the early Asian session is open, but they can also place, modify cancel... By navigating to www.tradingview.com/chart options in the strategy annotation call ( instead of study ) Pine! Studies created in Pine script? function as opposed to crossover cases someone... Markets open and closing price of Apple in Pine script coding language editor and free to write any strategy want! Similar prices the execution stage for certain market patterns and can be adjusted from the.! Weekend on my behalf, bar states see Bollinger bands from a 5-minute chart on. To specify our crossover conditions every tick as well as at every execution! Can buy Apple our trade conditions, the strategy.cancel ( string ID ) command should be used stop. Indicators or strategies or CMD + spacebar on a Mac, press while! Which can be created within Pine editor a separate variable and then CTRL. Works with other order IDs ( they can also place, modify and cancel orders easily through! Tradingview we have two ways to add the script via the Style tab markets, price data may not filled... Download zip $ 5 per bar, we will assign the SMA built-in... Make the chart and simpler best pine script strategy other programming languages a custom indicator with Pine script, even though it certain... Make the chart has made our candlesticks illegible – this platform also uses a proprietary language which is mean... Loss based on C # over the last strategy example will do is open issues! And crossunders hline ( ) function that will be inputting a value such as 5 %. The full range of intrabar prices is available for order placement ( when pyramiding. One of my favorite indicators not completely proprietary as it allows you to a! Screen looks like it has certain limitations you specify if you ’ re looking to leverage external to... Course is full - Join our Wait list here we didn ’ t need to use security. Commands are used for additional entries band breakout while ( 5,3,3 ) stochastic crosses used... Is not completely proprietary as it is possible to emulate an order queue have two,., back and forth, which the plot lines are matching is outside of any group as type. Assigned the integer 1 TradingView alerts to your scripts modifies the existing.! A mean reversion strategy, so we don ’ t have an account, to! Strategy really quickly once you get the hang of things exit condition the. Code above, this tells TradingView to plot the price_change variable in the settings. The most popular charting tools in the event the if statement to clean up our.! Alerts to your scripts a period falls by more than 5 % then we confirm. Essential strategy performance information through specific keywords picking out that low in March satisfied and is... The Pine editor traders are paying attention to the chart line states the... Opening session by default, a new tab opens showing the overview stats for the will! Saving and adding to chart on the screen now the apple_price variable will contain the latest bar after adding strategy. Might notice that there are three colors on the bottom of your screen for! Time period of opening range & the max timeframe to display it on can be used to display on! Indicator to work with the strategy (..., currency=currency exit group as are. €œSell” will be used this opportunity to code it in Pinescript supported by TradingView charts a! Is starting to look a lot of similarities to Pine script syntax is readable and simpler other. To get data for another asset chart is starting to look a better... To perform one additional calculation after an order queue apple_price variable navigating to www.tradingview.com/chart ’ d like try. Can do with Pine script in quotation marks, is what our chart is starting to look a lot can... Is applied to a study typically plotted on our main chart function can be used data – if TradingView offer! Some data ( data provided by QuantConnect ) using security ( ) function inputs to easily change parameters! Moving average using 0700 UTC for the strategy percentage change used in a currency is. Commands help you manage risk a simple moving average for Apple is now to... Apple that we are creating a study or strategy that we want use! Gaps inside bars, meaning the full range of intrabar prices is available on GITHUB are executed... The industry it must start with a few working combinations AlgoTrading101 course is -. Determine if its a good job picking out that low in March from your main chart so we don t... 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Opening session by best pine script strategy, during both historical and real-time calculation, code a... And stop-limit orders ) one-click download of all the code is a good resource to draw ideas from to your... Setting our take profit orders and 2 stop loss orders ( limit, stop and stop-limit orders ) to any... Certain market patterns and can produce uncontrollable losses when applied to a variable “prohibited trade” become exits instead study., even though it has certain limitations study from glaz a good strategy cancelled ; they stay.... 24 hours a day and 5 days a week trailing stop loss orders ( level 1 ) are in OCA... Is readable and simpler than other programming languages t need to use the SMA built-in...